import os
import chardet
import send2trash
import shutil
from win32com.client import Dispatch

rootPath = r'C:\Users\Lenovo\Desktop\test'  # 一个班的根目录


# 获取文件夹内文件的实验报告名字
def getDocName(rootPath, filenamelist):
    for item in filenamelist:
        fileFormat = os.path.splitext(rootPath + "/" + item)[-1]
        if fileFormat in ['.docx', '.doc', '.wps']:
            return item
    return ''


# 将文件夹内不同文件的内容复制到word格式文件内
def otherFilesAppend2Doc(rootPath, docFileName, otherfileNameList):
    topLevelPath = os.path.dirname(rootPath)
    newFileName = os.path.join(topLevelPath, docFileName)
    shutil.copy(os.path.join(rootPath, docFileName), newFileName)  # 覆盖
    word = Dispatch('Word.Application')  # 打开word应用程序
    word.Visible = 0  # 后台运行,不显示
    word.DisplayAlerts = 0  # 不警告

    for item in otherfileNameList:
        singleFileName = os.path.join(rootPath, item)

        # 首先二进制方式打开文件
        with open(singleFileName, 'rb') as frb:
            # 检测编码方式
            cur_encoding = chardet.detect(frb.read())['encoding']
        # 指定文件编码方式
        with open(singleFileName, 'r', encoding=cur_encoding) as f2:
            content = f2.read()
        if not os.path.exists(newFileName):
            open(newFileName, 'w').close()

        doc = word.Documents.Open(FileName=newFileName, Encoding='gbk')
        myRange = doc.Range()
        myRange.InsertAfter('\n')
        myRange.InsertAfter(content)
        doc.SaveAs(newFileName)
        doc.Close()

    word.Quit()
    send2trash.send2trash(rootPath)  # 暂时移动到垃圾箱，方便检查结果


def main():
    if not os.path.isdir(rootPath):
        print('请输入文件夹目录')
        return
    fileList = os.listdir(rootPath)
    for item in fileList:
        concretePath = os.path.join(rootPath, item)
        if os.path.isfile(concretePath):  # 只处理文件夹内文件的合并
            continue
        tmpList = os.listdir(concretePath)
        if len(tmpList) == 0:
            print(concretePath, '无文件')
            continue
        docName = getDocName(concretePath, tmpList)
        if docName == '':
            print(concretePath + "缺失实验报告")
            continue
        tmpList.remove(docName)
        otherFilesAppend2Doc(concretePath, docName, tmpList)


main()

效果实现:

原始状态：(测试阶段每个文件以文件名字测试)

实现合并后:

2、本次学习到的新知识

2.1、处理不同编码文件内容的获取

        # 首先二进制方式打开文件
        with open(singleFileName, 'rb') as frb:
            # 检测编码方式
            cur_encoding = chardet.detect(frb.read())['encoding']
        # 指定文件编码方式
        with open(singleFileName, 'r', encoding=cur_encoding) as f2:
            content = f2.read()

send2trash.send2trash(rootPath) 

from docx import Document
from win32com.client import Dispatch
import chardet
import os


# 1、只能读.docx文件
def readFromDocx(src):
    document = Document(src)  # 打开文件demo.docx
    for paragraph in document.paragraphs:
        print(paragraph.text)


# 1.1、读多种word文件
def readFromWord(src):
    word = Dispatch('Word.Application')  # 打开word应用程序
    word.Visible = 0  # 后台运行,不显示
    word.DisplayAlerts = 0  # 不警告
    doc = word.Documents.Open(FileName=src, Encoding='gbk')
    for para in doc.paragraphs:
        print(para.Range.Text)
    doc.Close()
    word.Quit()


# 2、只能覆盖写docx文件,但可以不覆盖写别的wps,doc等文件
def write2Word(src, dest, mode=True):
    """
    :param src: 其他格式文件的路径
    :param dest: word格式的文件路径
    :param mode: 是否需要覆盖
    :return:
    """
    # 首先二进制方式打开文件
    with open(src, 'rb') as frb:
        # 检测编码方式
        cur_encoding = chardet.detect(frb.read())['encoding']
    # 指定文件编码方式
    with open(src, 'r', encoding=cur_encoding) as f2:
        content = f2.read()
    if not mode and os.path.exists(dest):
        document = Document(dest)
    else:
        # 首先创建一个文档对象
        document = Document()
    document.add_paragraph(content)
    # 将文档保存到docx中
    document.save(dest)


# 2.1、写多种word文件
def write2Word2(src, dest,mode=True):
    """
    :param src: 其他格式文件的路径
    :param dest: word格式的文件路径
    :param mode: 是否需要覆盖
    :return:
    """
    # 首先二进制方式打开文件
    with open(src, 'rb') as frb:
        # 检测编码方式
        cur_encoding = chardet.detect(frb.read())['encoding']
    # 指定文件编码方式
    with open(src, 'r', encoding=cur_encoding) as f2:
        content = f2.read()
    if not os.path.exists(dest):
        with open(dest, 'w') as f:
                f.close()
    word = Dispatch('Word.Application')  # 打开word应用程序
    word.Visible = 0  # 后台运行,不显示
    word.DisplayAlerts = 0  # 不警告
    if not mode:
        doc = word.Documents.Open(FileName=dest, Encoding='gbk')
        myRange = doc.Range()
        myRange.InsertAfter(content)
        myRange.InsertAfter('\r\n')
    else:
        doc = word.Documents.Add()
        myRange = doc.Range(0, 0)
        myRange.InsertBefore(content)
        myRange.InsertAfter('\r\n')
    doc.SaveAs(dest)
    doc.Close()
    word.Quit()