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    Python+MySQL随机试卷及答案生成程序的示例代码

    作者:疯狂的机器人 时间:2021-07-29 18:49

    目录
    • 一、背景
    • 二、准备工作
      • 1.安装Python3
      • 2.安装库
      • 3.试题库.xlsx
    • 三、代码

      一、背景

      本文章主要是分享如何使用Python从MySQL数据库中面抽取试题,生成的试卷每一份都不一样。

      二、准备工作

      1.安装Python3

      下载地址:https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/

      2.安装库

      pip installpython-docx==0.8.10

      pip installPyMySQL==1.0.2

      3.试题库.xlsx

      开发程序前需要先收集试题,本文是将试题收集存放MySQL数据库中,格式如下:

      选择题数据库截图:

      填空题/解答题/综合题数据库截图:

      三、代码

      Python+MySQL随机试卷及答案生成程序.py

      # _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
      import random,os,pymysql
      from docx import Document
      from docx.shared import Inches,Pt
      from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH,WD_LINE_SPACING
      from docx.oxml.ns import qn
      from docx.shared import Inches
      
      class SunckSql():
       def __init__(self, host, user, passwd, dbName='', charset='utf8'):
        self.host = host
        self.user = user
        self.passwd = passwd
        self.dbName = dbName
        self.charset = charset
      
       def connet(self):
        self.db = pymysql.connect(host=self.host, user=self.user, passwd=self.passwd, db=self.dbName,
               charset=self.charset) # 连接数据库
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor() # 获取操作游标
      
       def close(self):
        self.cursor.close() # 释放游标
        self.db.close() # 关闭数据库连接
      
       # 查询
       def get_all(self, sql):
        res = None
        try:
         self.connet()
         self.cursor.execute(sql) # 执行sql语句
         res = self.cursor.fetchall() # 返回查询所有结果
        except Exception as e:
         print('查询失败:%s' % e)
        finally:
         self.close()
        return res
      
       # 增加、删除、修改
       def shell_sql(self, sql):
        "执行sql语句"
        print(sql)
        count = 0
        try:
         self.connet()
         count = self.cursor.execute(sql) # 执行sql语句
         self.db.commit() # 提交
        except Exception as e:
         print('事务提交失败:%s' % e)
         self.db.rollback() # 如果提交失败,回滚到上一次数据
        finally:
         self.close()
        return count
      
      def router_docx(choice1='', choice2='', choice3='', choice5='', choice6='', choice7='',paper_path='',name='1'):
       "生成网络通信方向试题及答案"
       docx1 = Document()
       docx2 = Document()
       docx1.styles['Normal'].font.name = '宋体'         #选择字体
       docx1.styles['Normal']._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '宋体') #默认字体
       docx1.styles['Normal'].font.size = Pt(11)        #默认字号大小
       docx1.styles['Normal'].paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(0)    #默认段前间距
       docx1.styles['Normal'].paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(0)    #默认段后间距
       docx1.styles['Normal'].paragraph_format.line_spacing_rule = WD_LINE_SPACING.ONE_POINT_FIVE #默认单倍行距
       sec = docx1.sections[0]             # sections对应文档中的“节”
       sec.left_margin = Inches(1)            # 设置左页面边距
       sec.right_margin = Inches(1)            #设置右页面边距
       sec.top_margin = Inches(0.5)            # 设置上页面边距
       sec.bottom_margin = Inches(0.5)           #设置下页面边距
      
       p=docx1.add_paragraph()             #添加段落
       run = p.add_run('软件测试(网络通信)方向试题(%s)' % name)      #使用add_run添加文字
       run.font.name = '微软雅黑'             #设置字体
       run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '微软雅黑')     #设置字体
       run.font.size = Pt(18)             #字体大小设置
       p.paragraph_format.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER     #段落文字居中设置
       docx1.add_paragraph('【说明】')           # 添加段落文字
       docx1.add_paragraph('1.笔试时间为60分钟。')
       docx1.add_paragraph('2.请将答案写在答题卡上,且不允许在试题卷上做任何涂写和标记。')
       q=docx2.add_paragraph()             #添加段落
       run = q.add_run('软件测试(网络通信)方向试题答案(%s)' % name)     #使用add_run添加文字
       run.font.name = '微软雅黑'             #设置字体
       run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '微软雅黑')     #设置字体
       run.font.size = Pt(18)             #字体大小设置
       q.paragraph_format.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER     #段落文字居中设置
      
       p1 = docx1.add_paragraph()
       p1.paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(12)        #设置段前间距
       docx2.add_paragraph('一、选择题')
       run = p1.add_run('一、选择题(每题3分共45分)')
       run.bold = True               # 字体加粗
       list1=random.sample(range(0,len(choice1)-1),3)       #len范围内获取指定的数量
       x=1
       for y in list1:
        docx1.add_paragraph(str(x)+'、'+choice1[y][1])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice1[y][2])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice1[y][3])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice1[y][4])
        p11=docx1.add_paragraph(choice1[y][5])
        p11.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(12)       #段后间距
        docx2.add_paragraph(str(x)+'、'+choice1[y][6])
        x+=1
      
       list2=random.sample(range(0,len(choice2)-1),7)
       x=1
       for y in list2:
        docx1.add_paragraph(str(x+3)+'、'+choice2[y][1])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice2[y][2])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice2[y][3])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice2[y][4])
        p11=docx1.add_paragraph(choice2[y][5])
        p11.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(12)
        docx2.add_paragraph(str(x+3)+'、'+choice2[y][6])
        x+=1
      
       list3=random.sample(range(0,len(choice3)-1),5)
       x=1
       for y in list3:
        docx1.add_paragraph(str(x+10)+'、'+choice3[y][1])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice3[y][2])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice3[y][3])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice3[y][4])
        p11=docx1.add_paragraph(choice3[y][5])
        p11.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(12)
        docx2.add_paragraph(str(x+10)+'、'+choice3[y][6])
        x+=1
      
       p2 = docx1.add_paragraph()
       p2.paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(12)
       docx2.add_paragraph('二、填空题')
       run = p2.add_run('二、填空题(每题3分,共15分)')
       run.bold = True
       list2 = random.sample(range(0, len(choice5)-1), 5)
       i = 1
       for j in list2:
        docx1.add_paragraph(str(i) + '、' + choice5[j][1])
        docx2.add_paragraph(str(i) + '、' + str(choice5[j][2]))
        i += 1
      
       p3 = docx1.add_paragraph()
       p3.paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(12)
       docx2.add_paragraph('三、简答题')
       run = p3.add_run('三、简答题(每题10分,共20分)')
       run.bold = True
       list3 = random.sample(range(0, len(choice6)-1), 2)
       n = 1
       for m in list3:
        docx1.add_paragraph(str(n) + '、' + choice6[m][1])
        docx1.add_paragraph('\r')
        docx2.add_paragraph(str(n) + '、' + choice6[m][2])
        n += 1
      
       p4 = docx1.add_paragraph()
       p4.paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(12)
       docx2.add_paragraph('四、综合题')
       run = p4.add_run('四、综合题(共20分)')
       run.bold = True
       list4 = random.randint(0, len(choice7)-1)
       docx1.add_paragraph('1、' + choice7[list4][1])
       docx2.add_paragraph(choice7[list4][2])
      
       docx1.save(os.path.join(paper_path, '网络通信试题(%s).docx' % name))    #保存试题
       docx2.save(os.path.join(paper_path, '网络通信试题答案(%s).docx' % name))   #保存答案
      
      def android_docx(choice1, choice2, choice4, choice5, choice6, choice8,paper_path,name):
       """生成智能终端方向的试题"""
       docx1 = Document()
       docx2 = Document()
       docx1.styles['Normal'].font.name = '宋体'          #选择字体
       docx1.styles['Normal']._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '宋体')   #默认字体
       docx1.styles['Normal'].font.size = Pt(11)          #默认字号大小
       docx1.styles['Normal'].paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(0)     #默认段前间距
       docx1.styles['Normal'].paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(0)      #默认段后间距
       docx1.styles['Normal'].paragraph_format.line_spacing_rule = WD_LINE_SPACING.ONE_POINT_FIVE #默认单倍行距
       sec = docx1.sections[0]               # sections对应文档中的“节”
       sec.left_margin = Inches(1)              # 设置左页面边距
       sec.right_margin = Inches(1)             #设置右页面边距
       sec.top_margin = Inches(0.5)             # 设置上页面边距
       sec.bottom_margin = Inches(0.5)             #设置下页面边距
      
       p=docx1.add_paragraph()               #添加段落
       run = p.add_run('软件测试(智能终端)方向试题(%s)' % name)        #使用add_run添加文字
       run.font.name = '微软雅黑'              #设置字体
       run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '微软雅黑')       #设置字体
       run.font.size = Pt(18)               #字体大小设置
       p.paragraph_format.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER      #段落文字居中设置
       docx1.add_paragraph('【说明】')             # 添加段落文字
       docx1.add_paragraph('1.笔试时间为60分钟。')
       docx1.add_paragraph('2.请将答案写在答题卡上,且不允许在试题卷上做任何涂写和标记。')
       q = docx2.add_paragraph()              # 添加段落
       run = q.add_run('软件测试(智能终端)方向试题答案(%s)' % name)       # 使用add_run添加文字
       run.font.name = '微软雅黑'              # 设置字体
       run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '微软雅黑')       # 设置字体
       run.font.size = Pt(18)               # 字体大小设置
       q.paragraph_format.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER      # 段落文字居中设置
      
       p1 = docx1.add_paragraph()
       p1.paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(12)          #设置段前间距
       docx2.add_paragraph('一、选择题')
       run = p1.add_run('一、选择题(每题3分共45分)')
       run.bold = True                 # 字体加粗
       list1=random.sample(range(0,len(choice1)-1),3)
       x=1
       for y in list1:
        docx1.add_paragraph(str(x)+'、'+choice1[y][1])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice1[y][2])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice1[y][3])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice1[y][4])
        p11=docx1.add_paragraph(choice1[y][5])
        p11.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(12)         #段后间距
        docx2.add_paragraph(str(x)+'、'+choice1[y][6])
        x+=1
      
       list2=random.sample(range(0,len(choice2)-1),7)
       x=1
       for y in list2:
        docx1.add_paragraph(str(x+3)+'、'+choice2[y][1])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice2[y][2])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice2[y][3])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice2[y][4])
        p11=docx1.add_paragraph(choice2[y][5])
        p11.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(12)
        docx2.add_paragraph(str(x+3)+'、'+choice2[y][6])
        x+=1
      
       list3=random.sample(range(0,len(choice4)-1),5)
       x=1
       for y in list3:
        docx1.add_paragraph(str(x+10)+'、'+choice4[y][1])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice4[y][2])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice4[y][3])
        docx1.add_paragraph(choice4[y][4])
        p11=docx1.add_paragraph(choice4[y][5])
        p11.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(12)
        docx2.add_paragraph(str(x+10)+'、'+choice4[y][6])
        x+=1
      
       p2 = docx1.add_paragraph()
       p2.paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(12)
       docx2.add_paragraph('二、填空题')
       run = p2.add_run('二、填空题(每题3分,共15分)')
       run.bold = True
       list2 = random.sample(range(0, len(choice5)-1), 5)
       i = 1
       for j in list2:
        docx1.add_paragraph(str(i) + '、' + choice5[j][1])
        docx2.add_paragraph(str(i) + '、' + str(choice5[j][2]))
        i += 1
      
       p3 = docx1.add_paragraph()
       p3.paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(12)
       docx2.add_paragraph('三、简答题')
       run = p3.add_run('三、简答题(每题10分,共20分)')
       run.bold = True
       list3 = random.sample(range(0, len(choice6)-1), 2)
       n = 1
       for m in list3:
        docx1.add_paragraph(str(n) + '、' + choice6[m][1])
        docx1.add_paragraph('\r')
        docx2.add_paragraph(str(n) + '、' + choice6[m][2])
        n += 1
      
       p4 = docx1.add_paragraph()
       p4.paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(12)
       docx2.add_paragraph('四、综合题')
       run = p4.add_run('四、综合题(共20分)')
       run.bold = True
       list4 = random.randint(0, len(choice8)-1)
       docx1.add_paragraph('1、' + choice8[list4][1])
       docx2.add_paragraph(choice8[list4][2])
      
       docx1.save(os.path.join(paper_path, '智能终端试题(%s).docx' % name))
       docx2.save(os.path.join(paper_path, '智能终端试题答案(%s).docx' % name))
      
      def main(ip,name,passwd,db_name):
       paper_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), '试卷') #试卷存放路径
       if not os.path.exists(paper_path):
        os.mkdir(paper_path)              #创建试卷文件夹
       my = SunckSql(ip,name,passwd,db_name)           #连接数据库
       choice1 = my.get_all("select * from %s" % '计算机基础选择题')      #查询数据库中的试题
       choice2 = my.get_all("select * from %s" % '测试基础选择题')
       choice3 = my.get_all("select * from %s" % '网络通信选择题')
       choice4 = my.get_all("select * from %s" % '智能终端选择题')
       choice5 = my.get_all("select * from %s" % '填空题')
       choice6 = my.get_all("select * from %s" % '简答题')
       choice7 = my.get_all("select * from %s" % '网络通信综合题')
       choice8 = my.get_all("select * from %s" % '智能终端综合题')
       for i in range(1,4):               #同时生成3份试卷及答案
        router_docx(choice1, choice2, choice3, choice5, choice6, choice7, paper_path, i)
        android_docx(choice1, choice2, choice4, choice5, choice6, choice8, paper_path, i)
      
      if __name__ == "__main__":
       main(ip='数据库ip地址', name='mysql账号', passwd='mysql密码', db_name='软件测试试题库')
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