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    如何利用python脚本自动部署k8s

    作者:如果我是海 时间:2021-09-18 18:41

    目录
    • 一、准备
    •  二、编辑脚本
      • 1、k8s.sh
      • 2、k8s_install.py
    • 三、配置ssh免密
      • 四、下载python3和git
        • 五、执行脚本
          • 六、成功
            • 七、总结

              一、准备

              • 通过之前在Ubuntu18.04上手动部署过k8s之后,尝试用python脚本进行自动化部署
              • 这次用的是三台centos7的虚拟机,一台作为master执行脚本,两台作为node节点
              • 三台机器都配置好静态IP,可以参考之前的在centos 7中安装配置k8s集群的步骤详解

               二、编辑脚本

              1、k8s.sh

              放在/root下,用于从dockerhub拉取镜像。

              set -o errexit
              set -o nounset
              set -o pipefail
              
              ##这里定义版本,按照上面得到的列表自己改一下版本号
              
              KUBE_VERSION=v1.21.3
              KUBE_PAUSE_VERSION=3.4.1
              ETCD_VERSION=3.4.13-0
              
              ##这是原始仓库名,最后需要改名成这个
              GCR_URL=k8s.gcr.io
              
              ##这里就是写你要使用的仓库
              DOCKERHUB_URL=gotok8s
              
              ##这里是镜像列表,新版本要把coredns改成coredns/coredns
              images=(
              kube-proxy:${KUBE_VERSION}
              kube-scheduler:${KUBE_VERSION}
              kube-controller-manager:${KUBE_VERSION}
              kube-apiserver:${KUBE_VERSION}
              pause:${KUBE_PAUSE_VERSION}
              etcd:${ETCD_VERSION}
              )
              
              ##这里是拉取和改名的循环语句
              for imageName in ${images[@]} ; do
              docker pull $DOCKERHUB_URL/$imageName
              docker tag $DOCKERHUB_URL/$imageName $GCR_URL/$imageName
              docker rmi $DOCKERHUB_URL/$imageName
              done
              docker pull coredns/coredns:1.8.0
              docker tag coredns/coredns:1.8.0 k8s.gcr.io/coredns/coredns:v1.8.0
              docker rmi coredns/coredns:1.8.0

              2、k8s_install.py

              #!/bin/python3
              # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
              # author: fanb
              # describe: K8S v1.21.2 一键脚本安装
              import os
              import subprocess
              import time
              
              
              class k8s_install(object):
                  def __init__(self,masterip,nodeip):
                      self.masterip = masterip
                      self.nodeip = nodeip
              
                  def initialization_shell(self): #环境初始化shell
                      # 关闭防火墙
                      setenforce = "setenforce  0"
                      sed_selinux = "sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/sysconfig/selinux"
                      sed_selinux1 = "sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config"
                      sed_selinux2 = "sed -i 's/^SELINUX=permissive/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/sysconfig/selinux"
                      sed_selinux3 = "sed -i 's/^SELINUX=permissive/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config"
                      stop_firewalld = "systemctl stop firewalld"
                      disable_firewalld = "systemctl disable firewalld"
                      swapoff_a = "swapoff -a"
                      sed_swapoff = "sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab"
              
                      #在所有服务器配置国内yum源
                      yum_install = "yum install -y wget  git chrony yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 ipset ipvsadm > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      mkdir_repo = "mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak && mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/bak > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      wget_centos = "wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/centos7_base.repo > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      wget_epel = "wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/epel-7.repo > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      wget_docker = "wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo > /dev/null 2>&1"
              
              
                      kubernetes_repo = """
              cat >  /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
              [kubernetes]
              name=Kubernetes
              baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
              enabled=1
              gpgcheck=1
              repo_gpgcheck=1
              gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
              EOF
              """
              
                      yum_clean = "yum -y makecache > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      yum_makecahe = "yum -y makecache > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      #修改内核参数,由于ipvs已经加入到了内核的主干,所以为kube-proxy开启ipvs的前提需要加载以下的内核模块
                      modprobe_netfilter = "modprobe br_netfilter"
                      br_netfilter = "echo 'br_netfilter' > /etc/modules-load.d/br_netfilter.conf"
              
                      k8s_conf = """
              cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf <<EOF 
              net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 
              net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
              net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
              vm.swappiness=0
              EOF
              """
              
                      limits_conf = """
              cat > /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF
              * soft nofile 65536
              * hard nofile 65536
              * soft nproc 65536
              * hard nproc 65536
              * soft  memlock  unlimited
              * hard memlock  unlimited
              DefaultLimitNOFILE=102400
              DefaultLimitNPROC=102400
              EOF
              """
                      sysctl_k8s = "sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf > /dev/null 2>&1"
              
                      #时间同步
                      enable_chronyd = "systemctl enable chronyd.service"
                      start_chronyd = "systemctl start chronyd.service"
                      set_timezone = "timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai"
                      ntpdate = "ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      chronyc_sources = "chronyc sources > /dev/null 2>&1"
              
                      #安装docker,kubelet
                      remove_docker = "yum remove -y docker docker-ce docker-common docker-selinux docker-engine > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      install_docker = "yum install -y docker-ce > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      start_docker = "systemctl start docker > /dev/null 2>&1"
              
                      docker_reload = "systemctl daemon-reload > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      enable_docker = "systemctl enable docker  > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      restart_docker = "systemctl restart docker > /dev/null 2>&1"
              
                      install_kubelet = "yum install -y kubelet-1.21.2 kubeadm-1.21.2 kubectl-1.21.2 --disableexcludes=kubernetes > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      enable_kubelet = "systemctl enable kubelet > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      start_kubelet = "systemctl start kubelet > /dev/null 2>&1"
                      return setenforce,sed_selinux,sed_selinux1,sed_selinux2,sed_selinux3,stop_firewalld,disable_firewalld,swapoff_a,sed_swapoff,yum_install,\
                             mkdir_repo,wget_centos,wget_epel,wget_docker,kubernetes_repo,yum_clean,yum_makecahe,modprobe_netfilter,br_netfilter,k8s_conf,limits_conf,\
                             sysctl_k8s,enable_chronyd,start_chronyd,set_timezone,ntpdate,chronyc_sources,remove_docker,install_docker,start_docker,docker_reload,enable_docker,restart_docker,\
                             install_kubelet,enable_kubelet,start_kubelet
              
                  def shell_command(self):
                      masterip_list = self.masterip.split(',')
                      nodeip_list = self.nodeip.split(',')
                      token_creat = ()
                      token_code = ()
                      name_num = 0
                      node_num = 0
                      dir0 = '''echo '{
               "exec-opts":["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
              }' > /etc/docker/daemon.json'''
                      dir1 = '''echo 'export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf' >> /etc/profile'''
                      dir2 = '''echo '199.232.68.133 raw.githubusercontent.com' >> /etc/hosts'''
                      dir3 = '''echo '{
                "registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"]
              }' > /etc/docker/daemon.json'''
                      # #自动添加策略,保存服务器的主机名和密钥信息,如果不添加,那么不再本地know_hosts文件中记录的主机将无法连接
              
                      for masterip in masterip_list:
                          name_num += 1
                          hosts_name = ""
                          if masterip == masterip_list[0]:  # 如果是当前单节点
                              print("*"*20,"进入Master节点操作,当前IP: %s" %masterip)
                              master_name = "master0%s" % name_num
                              #设置名字
                              hostname = os.system("hostname %s"%master_name)
                              etc_hostname =  os.system("echo '%s' > /etc/hostname" % master_name)
                              #设置hosts
                              master_host = masterip + "  " + master_name
                              etc_hosts = os.system("echo '%s' >> /etc/hosts" % master_host)
                              for hosts in nodeip_list:
                                  name_num += 1
                                  hosts_name += hosts + "  node0%s" % (name_num - 1) + "\n"
                              os.system("cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF \n%sEOF\n" % hosts_name)
                                  
                              print("*"*20,"进入环境初始化,请耐心等待....")
                              for shell in self.initialization_shell():
                                  time.sleep(1)
                                  env_init = os.system(shell)
                              print("*"*20,"环境初始化完成,安装kubernetes...")
                              #设置hosts
                              #集群初始化
                              registry = os.system("%s" %dir3)
                              restart_docker = os.system("systemctl restart docker")
                              dockerpull = os.system("sh /root/k8s.sh")
                              docker_problem = os.system("%s" %dir0)
                              restart_docker = os.system("systemctl restart docker")
                              status_docker = os.system("systemctl status docker")
                              kubeadm_init = os.system("kubeadm init")
                              
                              export_root = os.system("export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf")
                              config = os.system("%s" %dir1)
                              source = os.system("source /etc/profile")
                              
                              mkdir_kube = os.system("mkdir -p /root/.kube")
                              kube_config = os.system("cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf /root/.kube/config")
                              
                              kubelet_enable = os.system("systemctl enable kubelet")
                              kubelet_start = os.system("systemctl start kubelet")
                              
                              manage_yaml = os.system("sed -i 's/.*- --port=0*/#&/' /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml")
                              scheduler_yaml = os.system("sed -i 's/.*- --port=0*/#&/' /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml")
                             
                              
                              #配置flannel网络
                              print("*" * 20, "正在安装网络组件flannel....")
                              flannel_before = os.system("%s" %dir2)
                              flannel_wget = os.system("wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml")
                              yum_flannel = os.system("yum install -y flannel")
                              flannel_apply = os.system("kubectl apply -f /root/kube-flannel.yml")
                              print("*" * 20, "网络组件flannel安装完成....")
                              
                              token_creat = subprocess.getstatusoutput("kubeadm token create")
                              token_code = subprocess.getstatusoutput("openssl x509 -pubkey -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt | openssl rsa -pubin -outform der 2>/dev/null | openssl dgst -sha256 -hex | sed 's/^.* //'")
                              token_creat = token_creat[1].split('\n')[-1]
                              token_code = token_code[1]
              
                              # 安装从节点
                              for nodeip in nodeip_list:  
                                  os.system("scp -rp /etc/hosts %s:/etc/hosts" % nodeip)
                                  print("*" * 20, "进入Node节点操作,当前IP: %s" % nodeip)
                                  node_num += 1
                                  node_name = "node0%s" % (node_num)
                                  # 设置名字
                                  os.system("ssh %s \"hostname %s\"" % (nodeip,node_name))
                                  os.system("ssh %s \"echo '%s' > /etc/hostname\"" % (nodeip,node_name))
                                  print("*" * 20, "进入环境初始化,请耐心等待....")
                                  for shell in self.initialization_shell():
                                      time.sleep(1)
                                      os.system("ssh %s \"%s\"" %(nodeip,shell))
                                  enable_node = os.system("ssh %s \"systemctl enable kubelet\"" %nodeip)  
                                  start_node = os.system("ssh %s \"systemctl start kubelet\"" %nodeip)
                                  admin = os.system("scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf %s:/root" %nodeip)
                                  print("*" * 20, "正在加入集群....")
                                  print("token_creat : ",token_creat)
                                  print("token_code : ",token_code)
                                  docker_problem = os.system("scp -r /etc/docker/daemon.json %s:/etc/docker" %nodeip)
                                  restart_docker = os.system("ssh %s \"systemctl restart docker\"" %nodeip)
                             	    status_docker = os.system("ssh %s \"systemctl status docker\"" %nodeip)
                                  kubeadm_join = os.system("ssh %s \"kubeadm join %s:6443 --token %s --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:%s\"" % (nodeip,masterip, str(token_creat), str(token_code)))
                                  cni = os.system("scp -r /etc/cni %s:/etc" %nodeip)
                                  print("*" * 20, "加入集群成功....")
                                  
                             
                              print("*" * 20 ,"执行以下命令,检查K8s集群\n")
                              print("*" * 20,"kubectl get nodes")
                              print("*" * 20, "kubectl get cs")
                              print("*" * 20, "kubectl get pod -n kube-system")
                             
              
                          else:   #否则就是集群模式
                              print("进入集群模式安装")
                              print("暂无")
                              exit()
              
              if __name__ == '__main__':
                  # #用户输入IP:
                  print("----------0、请先安装python3 并使用python3 执行此脚本------------")
                  print("----------1、此脚本依赖网络,请连接好网络执行此脚本-----------")
                  print("----------2、请将此脚本在主节点上执行,请在主节点上对其他所有节点做免密登录-----------")
                  print("**********3、请确认主节点已对其他节点做好免密登录,再次确认后再执行此脚本**********")
                  k8s_masterip = input("请输入K8S_Master IP, 多个IP以逗号分隔: ")
                  k8s_nodeip = input("请输入K8S_node IP,多个IP以逗号分隔: ")
                  ask_ent = input("**********   确认/取消 (Y/N) :")
                  if ask_ent.upper() == "Y":
                      k8s_install = k8s_install(k8s_masterip,k8s_nodeip)
                      k8s_install.shell_command()
                  else:
                      exit()

              三、配置ssh免密

              [root@master ~]# ssh-keygen
              [root@master ~]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.139.132
              [root@master ~]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.139.133

              四、下载python3和git

              root@master ~]# vim k8s_install.py

              五、执行脚本

              [root@master ~]# python3 k8s_install.py

              六、成功

              ******************** 执行以下命令,检查K8s集群
              
              ******************** kubectl get nodes
              ******************** kubectl get cs
              ******************** kubectl get pod -n kube-system
              [root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes
              NAME       STATUS   ROLES                  AGE     VERSION
              master01   Ready    control-plane,master   7m2s    v1.21.2
              node01     Ready    <none>                 3m30s   v1.21.2
              node02     Ready    <none>                 25s     v1.21.2
              [root@master ~]# kubectl get cs
              Warning: v1 ComponentStatus is deprecated in v1.19+
              NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
              scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
              controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
              etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
              [root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system
              NAME                               READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
              coredns-558bd4d5db-fkqcb           0/1     ContainerCreating   0          6m52s
              coredns-558bd4d5db-tvb7j           0/1     ContainerCreating   0          6m52s
              etcd-master01                      1/1     Running             0          7m16s
              kube-apiserver-master01            1/1     Running             0          7m16s
              kube-controller-manager-master01   1/1     Running             0          7m12s
              kube-flannel-ds-9hx9s              0/1     Init:0/1            0          43s
              kube-flannel-ds-cl9r7              0/1     Init:0/1            0          3m49s
              kube-flannel-ds-gn4m4              0/1     CrashLoopBackOff    5          6m52s
              kube-proxy-cv5t8                   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          43s
              kube-proxy-kjqm7                   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          3m49s
              kube-proxy-plbgm                   1/1     Running             0          6m52s
              kube-scheduler-master01            1/1     Running             0          7m13s
              

              七、总结

              参考:https://github.com/hxz5215/K8Sv1.18_install

              根据GitHub上的python脚本源码结合之前在Ubuntu上配置k8s的经验,对脚本进行了一些改变。

              安装了更新版本的k8s,我这里安装的是之前学习过程中安装过的 v1.21.2添加了一个从dockerhub拉取k8s所需镜像的脚本将calico换成了flannel网络插件删除了dashboard,因为我这里没有这个需求针对 IsDockerSystemdCheck 问题加入了解决脚本对于 kubeadm get cs 的unhealthy问题和 kubectl get nodes的notready问题都加入了解决脚本加入了通过ssh将admin.conf/etc/cni文件拷贝到node节点的脚本

              jsjbwy
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