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    python 实现socket服务端并发的四种方式

    作者:the3times 时间:2021-08-07 18:28

    多进程&多线程

    服务端:多进程和多线程的开启方式相同。

    缺点:<1> 由于Cpython的GIL,导致同一时间无法运行多个线程;<2> 不可能无限开进进程或线程

    解决办法:多进程、concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor、线程池

    import socket
    from multiprocessing import Process
    from threading import Thread
    
    
    class MyTcpServer:
      def __init__(self, ip, port):
        self.ip = ip
        self.port = port
        self.server = socket.socket()
        self.server.bind((self.ip, self.port))
        self.server.listen(5)
    
      def wait_accept(self):
        conn, addr = self.server.accept()
        return conn, addr
    
      def handle_request(self, conn):
        while 1:
          try:
            data = conn.recv(1024)
            if not data: break
            conn.send(data.upper())
          except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            break
        conn.close()
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
      server = MyTcpServer('127.0.0.1', 8888)
      while 1:
        conn, addr = server.wait_accept()
        p = Process(target=server.handle_request, args=(conn, ))	# 创建一个进程
        p.start()	# 告诉操作提供,开启这个进程

    进程池&线程池

    异步提交任务,支持异步接收返回结果(submit返回一个futures对象,调用add_done_callback方法)

    import socket
    from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor
    # from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
    
    
    class MyTcpServer:
      def __init__(self, ip, port):
        self.ip = ip
        self.port = port
        self.server = socket.socket()
        self.server.bind((self.ip, self.port))
        self.server.listen(5)
    
      def wait_accept(self):
        conn, addr = self.server.accept()
        return conn, addr
    
      def handle_request(self, conn):
        while 1:
          try:
            data = conn.recv(1024)
            if not data: break
            conn.send(data.upper())
          except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            break
        conn.close()
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
      server = MyTcpServer('127.0.0.1', 8888)
      pool = ProcessPoolExecutor(5)    # 5个进程一直服务
    
      while 1:
        conn, addr = server.wait_accept()
        pool.submit(server.handle_request, conn)	# 异步提交任务

    socketserver

    优点:简化socket服务端创建流程。
    提供服务端串行和并发两种服务模式(TCPServer,ThreadingTCPServer)
    缺点:windows上无法使用多进程实现并发

    import socketserver
    
    
    class MyTcpHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
      def handle(self):		# 通信循环
        while 1:
          try:
            data = self.request.recv(1024)
            if not data: break
            self.request.send(data.upper())
          except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            break
        self.request.close()
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
      ip_port = '127.0.0.1', 8888
      server = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(ip_port, MyTcpHandler) # 异步处理 
      server.serve_forever()		# 连接循环

    协程

    优点:单线程内实现并发,代码级别模拟IO切换,提高程序运行效率

    from gevent import spawn, monkey;monkey.patch_all()		# 猴子补丁,补丁:常规IO
    import socket
    
    
    class MyTcpServer:
      def __init__(self, ip, port, my_spawn):
        self.ip = ip
        self.port = port
        self.server = socket.socket()
        self.server.bind((self.ip, self.port))
        self.server.listen(5)
        self.spawn = my_spawn		# 保存spawn本地
    
      def wait_accept(self):
        while 1:
          conn, addr = self.server.accept()
          self.spawn(self.handle_request, conn)	# 检测 handle_request的io
    
      def handle_request(self, conn):
        while 1:
          try:
            data = conn.recv(1024)
            if not data: break
            conn.send(data.upper())
          except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            break
        conn.close()
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
      server = MyTcpServer('127.0.0.1', 8888, spawn)
      g1 = server.spawn(server.wait_accept)	# 检测wait_accept的io
      g1.join()	# 等待g1运行结束,即一直在循环检测io
    jsjbwy
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