1 保留yum安装软件时下载下来的rpm包

只需修改yum配置文件即可。下载下来的rpm包会自动保存在/var/cache/yum/目录下

[root@swag ~]# sed -i 's#keepcache=0#keepcache=1#g' /etc/yum.conf
[root@swag ~]# yum install sl -y
[root@swag ~]# tree /var/cache/yum/x86_64/6/epel/
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/6/epel/
├── 83f14a3d88054141092be5da12eb18cb1baabd7d52e1ae38bfc98d3d5005490c-primary.sqlite
├── cachecookie
├── packages
│  └── sl-5.02-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
└── repomd.xml

1 directory, 4 files

2 编译安装Nginx

# Download tar.gz package
cd /home/oldboy/tools
wget -q http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz
# Yum install Dependent package
yum install openssl openssl-devel -y
yum install pcre pcre-devel -y
rpm -qa pcre pcre-devel
# Useradd www
useradd www -s /sbin/nologin -M
# Compile and install
tar -xf nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.6.3
./configure --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --prefix=/application/nginx-1.6.3/
make && make install
# Create a soft link
ln -s /application/nginx-1.6.3/ /application/nginx
# Start nginx
/application/nginx/sbin/nginx
# Check port 80
lsof -i :80

3 安装fpm工具

首先安装依赖包

yum -y install zlib-devel curl-devel openssl-devel httpd-devel apr-devel apr-util-devel mysql-devel

下载ruby，fpm是ruby写的，因此系统环境需要ruby。不推荐yum安装ruby，在测试的时候会出现一些问题。

[root@swag tools]# wget https://ruby.taobao.org/mirrors/ruby/ruby-2.3.0.tar.gz
[root@swag tools]# tar -xf ruby-2.3.0.tar.gz
[root@swag tools]# cd ruby-2.3.0
[root@swag ruby-2.3.0]# ./configure
[root@swag ruby-2.3.0]# make && make install
[root@swag ruby-2.3.0]# ruby -v
ruby 2.3.0p0 (2015-12-25 revision 53290) [x86_64-linux]
[root@swag ~]# whereis gem
gem: /usr/local/bin/gem
[root@swag ~]# /usr/local/bin/gem install fpm
[root@swag ~]# fpm -v
1.9.3
# 添加阿里云的Rubygems仓库，默认的源为外国源，访问下载速度比较慢，在添加之前先移除原生的Ruby仓库
[root@swag ~]# gem sources
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
https://rubygems.org/ 
[root@swag ~]# gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/
https://rubygems.org/ removed from sources
# 添加阿里仓库
[root@swag ~]# gem sources -a http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/ added to sources
[root@swag ~]# gem sources
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***

http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/

fpm常用参数
-s:指定源类型
-t:指定目标类型，即想要制作为什么包
-n:指定包的名字
-v:指定包的版本号
-C:指定打包的相对路径
-d:指定依赖于哪些包
-f:第二次打包时目录下如果有同名安装包存在，则覆盖它
-p:输出的安装包的目录，不想放在当前目录下就需要指定
--post-install:软件包安装完成之后所要运行的脚本；同--offer-install
--pre-install:软件包安装完成之前所要运行的脚本；同--before-install
--post-uninstall:软件包卸载完成之后所要运行的脚本；同--offer-remove
--pre-uninstall:软件包卸载完成之前所要运行的脚本；同—before-remove