Ansible Inventory  介绍

Ansible Inventory 是包含静态 Inventory 和动态 Inventory 两部分的，静态 Inventory 指的是在文件中指定的主机和组，动态 Inventory 指通过外部脚本获取主机列表，并按照 ansible 所要求的格式返回给 ansilbe 命令的。这部分一般会结合 CMDB 资管系统、云计算平台等获取主机信息。由于主机资源一般会动态的进行增减，而这些系统一般会智能更新。我们可以通过这些工具提供的 API 或者接入库查询等方式返回主机列表。

脚本地址：https://github.com/AlbertCQY/scripts/tree/master/ansible

脚本用法：README.txt

1、脚本用法

bestpay用户 cd /tools/scripts/ansible

python3.6 invscript.py -h

1）、查询某个分组中包含哪些主机,oracle_nj_all为inventory_group.py中的组名

python3.6 invscript.py --group oracle_nj_all

2）、查询所有

python3.6 invscript.py --list

3）、查询某分组主机中主机名,脚本也可以在play-book中使用-i指定inventory

ansible -i invscript.py mysql_nj_all -m shell -a “hostname”

2、更新数据库主机列表,sql中最好对ip进行去除空格并排序，否则可能会有warning

inventory_group.py中格式：

mygrp2就是ansible使用的组名

‘ssh_user':‘root' root用户代表连到目标主机的用户。如果ansible server主机的test用户和目标的root用户有互信，那么ansible脚本在test用户下执行。

例子如下：

mygrp2 = {‘sql':"""
select ‘1.1.3.8' as ips
union all
select ‘1.1.3.112' as ips
union all
select ‘1.1.3.113' as ips
“”",
‘ssh_user':‘root'}

部分脚本内容：

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# =========================================================================
"""
-- File Name : invscript.py
-- Purpose : 从mysql数据中动态获取主机列表，动态inventory,不用维护主机列表
-- Date : 2020/01
-- Author:陈晴阳
Vervisons:
-- 20200106 1.0，陈晴阳，实现了动态获取主机列表，按照默认互信方式获取主机信息。
-- 20200116 2.0，陈晴阳，增加--group参数，并统计各个分组主机个数；重构了group_all 所有主机按照各组设置的互信用户来抓信息；增加对IP地址排序功能。
"""
# =========================================================================
import argparse
import sys
import json
import settings
import inventory_group as invgrp
from connect_mysql import Mysql_Conn
class DynamicInventory(object):
  def read_cli(self):
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('--host', nargs=1)
    parser.add_argument('--list', action='store_true')
    parser.add_argument('--group')
    self.options = parser.parse_args()
  def GetItemList(self):
    list_item = []
    for item in dir(invgrp):
      if not item.startswith("__"):
        list_item.append(item)
    return list_item
  def GetGrpList(self):
    list_grpinfo = []
    list_item = self.GetItemList()
    for item in list_item:
      itemcontent = getattr(invgrp, item)
      tmp_dic = {}
      tmp_dic[item] = itemcontent
      list_grpinfo.append(tmp_dic)
    return list_grpinfo
  def get_groups(self):
    hostgroups = self.GetGrpList()
    #allhost = []
    for hostdic in hostgroups:#hostgroup为字典
      for hostgroup in hostdic: #获取字典的key
        self.result[hostgroup] = {}
        v_sql = hostdic[hostgroup]['sql'] #获取sql
        v_ssh_user = hostdic[hostgroup]['ssh_user'] # 获取sql
        hosts = self.connection.execsql(v_sql)
        #print(hosts)
        # 构建每个分组
        grp_host_list = [host[0] for host in hosts]
        grp_host_list = sorted(grp_host_list, key=lambda x: (int(x.split('.')[0]), int(x.split('.')[1]), int(x.split('.')[2]))) #排序
        self.result[hostgroup]['hosts'] = grp_host_list
        self.result[hostgroup]['vars'] = {'ansible_ssh_user': v_ssh_user}
        #构建_meta,注意ip为元组，需要做个小转换ip[0] 需要字符串值
        for ip in hosts:
          tmp_dic = {}
          tmp_dic['ansible_ssh_host'] = ip[0]
          self.result['_meta']['hostvars'][ip[0]] = tmp_dic
    # 构建group_all
    self.result[self.defaultgroup]['hosts']=[]
    self.result[self.defaultgroup]['children'] =self.GetItemList()
    return self.result
  def get_host(self,ipaddr):
    ip = ''
    for i in ipaddr:
      ip = i
    data = {'ansible_ssh_host': ip}
    return data
  def get_group_hosts(self,grpname):
    if grpname == 'group_all':
      allhosts = []
      #查询出来所有的主机列表
      hostgroups = self.GetGrpList()
      for hostdic in hostgroups: # hostgroup为字典
        for hostgroup in hostdic: # 获取字典的key
          v_sql = hostdic[hostgroup]['sql'] # 获取sql
          hosts = self.connection.execsql(v_sql)
          allhosts.extend([host[0] for host in hosts])
      allhosts = set(allhosts) # 去重
      allhosts = sorted(allhosts, key=lambda x: (int(x.split('.')[0]), int(x.split('.')[1]), int(x.split('.')[2]))) #排序
      cnt = 0
      for i in allhosts:
        print(cnt + 1, i)
        cnt = cnt + 1
      print('Group ' + grpname + ' Total hosts:', cnt)
    else:
      txt_grp ='invgrp.'+grpname+"""['sql']"""
      v_sql = eval(txt_grp) #这里偷懒用了邪恶函数eval
      hosts = self.connection.execsql(v_sql)
      cnt = 0
      for i in hosts:
        print(cnt + 1,i[0])
        cnt = cnt + 1
      print('Group '+grpname+' Total hosts:',cnt)
  def __init__(self):
    try:
      self.connection = Mysql_Conn(settings.my_usr, settings.my_pass, settings.my_ip, settings.my_port, settings.my_db)
    except Exception as err:
      print("connect wrong", err)
    self.defaultgroup = 'group_all'
    self.options = None
    self.read_cli()
    self.result = {}
    self.result[self.defaultgroup] = {}
    self.result[self.defaultgroup]['hosts'] = []
    self.result[self.defaultgroup]['vars'] = {'ansible_ssh_user': 'bestpay'}
    self.result['_meta'] = {}
    self.result['_meta']['hostvars'] = {}
    if self.options.host:
      data = self.get_host(self.options.host)
      print(json.dumps(data,indent=4))
    elif self.options.list:
      data = self.get_groups()
      print(json.dumps(data,indent=4))
    elif self.options.group:
      data = self.get_group_hosts(self.options.group)
    else:
      sys.exit("usage: --list or --host HOSTNAME or --group GROUPNAME")
if __name__ == '__main__':
  DynamicInventory()