Comparator是个接口,可重写compare()及equals()这两个方法,用于比价功能;如果是null的话,就是使用元素的默认顺序,如a,b,c,d,e,f,g,就是a,b,c,d,e,f,g这样,当然数字也是这样的。
compare(a,b)方法:根据第一个参数小于、等于或大于第二个参数分别返回负整数、零或正整数。
equals(obj)方法:仅当指定的对象也是一个 Comparator,并且强行实施与此 Comparator 相同的排序时才返回 true。
Collections.sort(list, new PriceComparator());的第二个参数返回一个int型的值,就相当于一个标志,告诉sort方法按什么顺序来对list进行排序。
具体实现代码方法如下:
Book实体类:
package com.tjcyjd.comparator; import java.text.DecimalFormat; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.GregorianCalendar; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.TreeMap; /** * 书实体类 * * @author yjd * */ public class Book implements Comparable { // 定义名为Book的类,默认继承自Object类 public int id;// 编号 public String name;// 名称 public double price; // 价格 private String author;// 作者 public GregorianCalendar calendar;// 出版日期 public Book() { this(0, "X", 0.0, new GregorianCalendar(), ""); } public Book(int id, String name, double price, GregorianCalendar calender, String author) { this.id = id; this.name = name; this.price = price; this.calendar = calender; this.author = author; } // 重写继承自父类Object的方法,满足Book类信息描述的要求 public String toString() { String showStr = id + "\t" + name; // 定义显示类信息的字符串 DecimalFormat formatPrice = new DecimalFormat("0.00");// 格式化价格到小数点后两位 showStr += "\t" + formatPrice.format(price);// 格式化价格 showStr += "\t" + author; SimpleDateFormat formatDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日"); showStr += "\t" + formatDate.format(calendar.getTime()); // 格式化时间 return showStr; // 返回类信息字符串 } public int compareTo(Object obj) {// Comparable接口中的方法 Book b = (Book) obj; return this.id - b.id; // 按书的id比较大小,用于默认排序 } public static void main(String[] args) { Book b1 = new Book(10000, "红楼梦", 150.86, new GregorianCalendar(2009, 01, 25), "曹雪芹、高鄂"); Book b2 = new Book(10001, "三国演义", 99.68, new GregorianCalendar(2008, 7, 8), "罗贯中 "); Book b3 = new Book(10002, "水浒传", 100.8, new GregorianCalendar(2009, 6, 28), "施耐庵 "); Book b4 = new Book(10003, "西游记", 120.8, new GregorianCalendar(2011, 6, 8), "吴承恩"); Book b5 = new Book(10004, "天龙八部", 10.4, new GregorianCalendar(2011, 9, 23), "搜狐"); TreeMap tm = new TreeMap(); tm.put(b1, new Integer(255)); tm.put(b2, new Integer(122)); tm.put(b3, new Integer(688)); tm.put(b4, new Integer(453)); tm.put(b5, new Integer(40)); Iterator it = tm.keySet().iterator(); Object key = null, value = null; Book bb = null; while (it.hasNext()) { key = it.next(); bb = (Book) key; value = tm.get(key); System.out.println(bb.toString() + "\t库存:" + tm.get(key)); } } }
自定义比较器和测试类:
package com.tjcyjd.comparator; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.Comparator; import java.util.GregorianCalendar; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; public class UseComparator { public static void main(String args[]) { List<Book> list = new ArrayList<Book>(); // 数组序列 Book b1 = new Book(10000, "红楼梦", 150.86, new GregorianCalendar(2009, 01, 25), "曹雪芹、高鄂"); Book b2 = new Book(10001, "三国演义", 99.68, new GregorianCalendar(2008, 7, 8), "罗贯中 "); Book b3 = new Book(10002, "水浒传", 100.8, new GregorianCalendar(2009, 6, 28), "施耐庵 "); Book b4 = new Book(10003, "西游记", 120.8, new GregorianCalendar(2011, 6, 8), "吴承恩"); Book b5 = new Book(10004, "天龙八部", 10.4, new GregorianCalendar(2011, 9, 23), "搜狐"); list.add(b1); list.add(b2); list.add(b3); list.add(b4); list.add(b5); // Collections.sort(list); //没有默认比较器,不能排序 System.out.println("数组序列中的元素:"); myprint(list); Collections.sort(list, new PriceComparator()); // 根据价格排序 System.out.println("按书的价格排序:"); myprint(list); Collections.sort(list, new CalendarComparator()); // 根据时间排序 System.out.println("按书的出版时间排序:"); myprint(list); } // 自定义方法:分行打印输出list中的元素 public static void myprint(List<Book> list) { Iterator it = list.iterator(); // 得到迭代器,用于遍历list中的所有元素 while (it.hasNext()) {// 如果迭代器中有元素,则返回true System.out.println("\t" + it.next());// 显示该元素 } } // 自定义比较器:按书的价格排序 static class PriceComparator implements Comparator { public int compare(Object object1, Object object2) {// 实现接口中的方法 Book p1 = (Book) object1; // 强制转换 Book p2 = (Book) object2; return new Double(p1.price).compareTo(new Double(p2.price)); } } // 自定义比较器:按书出版时间来排序 static class CalendarComparator implements Comparator { public int compare(Object object1, Object object2) {// 实现接口中的方法 Book p1 = (Book) object1; // 强制转换 Book p2 = (Book) object2; return p2.calendar.compareTo(p1.calendar); } } }