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    Android自定义字母导航栏

    栏目:代码类 时间:2019-12-10 15:04

    本文实例为大家分享了Android字母导航栏的具体代码,供大家参考,具体内容如下

    效果

    实现逻辑

    明确需求

    字母导航栏在实际开发中还是比较多见的,城市选择、名称选择等等可能需要到。 现在要做到的就是在滑动控件过程中可以有内容以及 下标的回调,方便处理其他逻辑!

    整理思路

    1、确定控件的尺寸,防止内容显示不全。相关的逻辑在onMeasure()方法中处理;
    2、绘制显示的内容,在按下和抬起不同状态下文字、背景的颜色。相关逻辑在onDraw()方法中;
    3、滑动事件的处理以及事件回调。相关逻辑在onTouchEvent()方法中;

    动手实现

    在需求明确、思路清晰的情况下就要开始动手实现(需要了解自定义View的一些基础API)。核心代码就onDraw()中。在代码中有思路和注释,可以结合代码一起看看。如果有疑惑、优化、错误的地方请在评论区提出,共同进步!

    完整代码

    /**
     * 自定义字母导航栏
     * 
     * 总的来说就四步
     * 1、测量控件尺寸{@link #onMeasure(int, int)}
     * 2、绘制显示内容(背景以及字符){@link #onDraw(Canvas)}
     * 3、处理滑动事件{@link #onTouchEvent(MotionEvent)}
     * 4、暴露接口{@link #setOnNavigationScrollerListener(OnNavigationScrollerListener)}
     *
     * @attr customTextColorDefault //导航栏默认文字颜色
     * @attr customTextColorDown //导航栏按下文字颜色
     * @attr customBackgroundColorDown //导航栏按下背景颜色
     * @attr customLetterDivHeight //导航栏内容高度间隔
     * @attr customTextSize //导航栏文字尺寸
     * @attr customBackgroundAngle //导航栏背景角度
     */
    public class CustomLetterNavigationView extends View {
      private static final String TAG = "CustomLetterNavigation";
      //导航内容
      private String[] mNavigationContent;
      //导航栏内容间隔
      private float mContentDiv;
      //导航栏文字大小
      private float mContentTextSize;
      //导航栏文字颜色
      private int mContentTextColor;
      //导航栏按下时背景颜色
      private int mBackgroundColor;
      //导航栏按下时圆角度数
      private int mBackGroundAngle = 0;
      //导航栏按下时文字颜色
      private int mDownContentTextColor;
      private TextPaint mTextPaint;
      private Paint mPaintBackgrount;
      private boolean mEventActionState = false;
      private String mCurrentLetter = "";
      private OnNavigationScrollerListener mOnNavigationScrollerListener;
      private final RectF mRectF = new RectF();
      public CustomLetterNavigationView(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
      }
    
      public CustomLetterNavigationView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs, 0);
      }
    
      public CustomLetterNavigationView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        initDefaultData();//初始化默认数据
        initAttrs(context, attrs);
      }
    
      @Override
      protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        /**
         * <P>
         *   这里我们分为两步
         *
         *   1、绘制背景
         *    这里简单,直接调用Canvas的drawRoundRect()方法直接绘制
         *   2、绘制显示文本
         *    绘制文字首先要定位,定位每个字符的坐标
         *    X轴简单,宽度的一半
         *    Y轴坐标通过每个字符的高heightShould乘以已绘制字符的数目
         * </P>
         */
        int mViewWidth = getWidth();
        //绘制背景
        mRectF.set(0, 0, mViewWidth, getHeight());
        if (mEventActionState) {
          mTextPaint.setColor(mDownContentTextColor);
          mPaintBackgrount.setColor(mBackgroundColor);
          canvas.drawRoundRect(mRectF, mBackGroundAngle, mBackGroundAngle, mPaintBackgrount);
        } else {
          mTextPaint.setColor(mContentTextColor);
          mPaintBackgrount.setColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
          Drawable mBackground = getBackground();
          if (mBackground instanceof ColorDrawable) {
            mPaintBackgrount.setColor(((ColorDrawable) mBackground).getColor());
          }
          canvas.drawRoundRect(mRectF, mBackGroundAngle, mBackGroundAngle, mPaintBackgrount);
        }
        //绘制文本
        float textX = mViewWidth / 2;
        //X轴坐标
        int contentLenght = getContentLength();
        //Y轴坐标(这里在测量的时候多加入了两个间隔高度要减去,同时还有Padding值)
        float heightShould = (getHeight() - mContentDiv * 2 - getPaddingTop() - getPaddingBottom()) / contentLenght;
        for (int i = 0; i < contentLenght; i++) {
          //计算Y轴的坐标
          float startY = ((i + 1) * heightShould) + getPaddingTop();
          //绘制文字
          canvas.drawText(mNavigationContent[i], textX, startY, mTextPaint);
        }
      }
    
      @Override
      public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        /**
         * 这里主要处理手指滑动事件
         */
        float mEventY = event.getY();
        switch (event.getAction()) {
          case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
            //手指按下的时候,修改Enent状态、重绘背景、触发回调
            mEventActionState = true;
            invalidate();
            if (mOnNavigationScrollerListener != null) {
              mOnNavigationScrollerListener.onDown();
            }
            scrollCount(mEventY);
            break;
          case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
            scrollCount(mEventY);
            break;
          case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
          case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
            //手指离开的时候,修改Enent状态、重绘背景、触发回调
            mEventActionState = false;
            invalidate();
            if (mOnNavigationScrollerListener != null) {
              mOnNavigationScrollerListener.onUp();
            }
            break;
        }
        return true;
      }
    
    
      @Override
      protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        /**
         * <p>
         *   这里做了简单的适应,其目的就是为了能够正常的显示我们的内容
         *
         *   不管设置的是真实尺寸或者是包裹内容,都会以内容的最小尺寸为
         *   基础,如果设置的控件尺寸大于我们内容的最小尺寸,就使用控件
         *   尺寸,反之使用内容的最小尺寸!
         * </p>
         */
        int widhtMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
        int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
        //获取控件的尺寸
        int actualWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        int actualHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
        int contentLegth = getContentLength();
        //计算一个文字的尺寸
        Rect mRect = measureTextSize();
        //内容的最小宽度
        float contentWidth = mRect.width() + mContentDiv * 2;
        //内容的最小高度
        float contentHeight = mRect.height() * contentLegth + mContentDiv * (contentLegth + 3);
        if (MeasureSpec.AT_MOST == widhtMode) {
          //宽度包裹内容
          actualWidth = (int) contentWidth + getPaddingLeft() + getPaddingRight();
        } else if (MeasureSpec.EXACTLY == widhtMode) {
          //宽度限制
          if (actualWidth < contentWidth) {
            actualWidth = (int) contentWidth + getPaddingLeft() + getPaddingRight();
          }
        }
        if (MeasureSpec.AT_MOST == heightMode) {
          //高度包裹内容
          actualHeight = (int) contentHeight + getPaddingTop() + getPaddingBottom();
        } else if (MeasureSpec.EXACTLY == widhtMode) {
          //高度限制
          if (actualHeight < contentHeight) {
            actualHeight = (int) contentHeight + getPaddingTop() + getPaddingBottom();
          }
        }
        setMeasuredDimension(actualWidth, actualHeight);
      }
    
    
      /**
       * 初始化默认数据
       */
      private void initDefaultData() {
        mNavigationContent = new String[]{"搜", "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z"};
        mContentDiv = TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, 5, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
        mContentTextSize = TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_SP, 14, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
        mContentTextColor = Color.parseColor("#333333");
        mDownContentTextColor = Color.WHITE;
        mBackgroundColor = Color.parseColor("#d7d7d7");
        mBackGroundAngle = 0;
        //绘制文字画笔
        mTextPaint = new TextPaint();
        mTextPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        mTextPaint.setTextSize(mContentTextSize);
        mTextPaint.setColor(mContentTextColor);
        mTextPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
        //绘制背景画笔
        mPaintBackgrount = new Paint();
        mPaintBackgrount.setAntiAlias(true);
        mPaintBackgrount.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
      }
    
      /**
       * 初始化自定义属性
       *
       * @param context
       * @param attrs
       */
      private void initAttrs(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        TypedArray mTypedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CustomLetterNavigationView);
        mContentTextColor = mTypedArray.getColor(R.styleable.CustomLetterNavigationView_customTextColorDefault, mContentTextColor);
        mBackgroundColor = mTypedArray.getColor(R.styleable.CustomLetterNavigationView_customBackgroundColorDown, mBackgroundColor);
        mDownContentTextColor = mTypedArray.getColor(R.styleable.CustomLetterNavigationView_customTextColorDown, mDownContentTextColor);
        mContentTextSize = mTypedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.CustomLetterNavigationView_customTextSize, mContentTextSize);
        mContentDiv = mTypedArray.getFloat(R.styleable.CustomLetterNavigationView_customLetterDivHeight, mContentDiv);
        mBackGroundAngle = mTypedArray.getInt(R.styleable.CustomLetterNavigationView_customBackgroundAngle, mBackGroundAngle);
        mTypedArray.recycle();
      }
    
    
      /**
       * 获取内容长度
       *
       * @return 内容长度
       */
      private int getContentLength() {
        if (mNavigationContent != null) {
          return mNavigationContent.length;
        }
        return 0;
      }
    
      /**
       * 滑动计算
       *
       * @param mEventY Y轴滑动距离
       */
      private void scrollCount(float mEventY) {
        //滑动的时候利用滑动距离和每一个字符高度进行取整,获取到Index
        Rect mRect = measureTextSize();
        int index = (int) ((mEventY - getPaddingTop() - getPaddingBottom() - mContentDiv * 2) / (mRect.height() + mContentDiv));
        //防止越界
        if (index >= 0 && index < getContentLength()) {
          String newLetter = mNavigationContent[index];
          //防止重复触发回调
          if (!mCurrentLetter.equals(newLetter)) {
            mCurrentLetter = newLetter;
            if (mOnNavigationScrollerListener != null) {
              mOnNavigationScrollerListener.onScroll(mCurrentLetter, index);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    
      /**
       * 测量文字的尺寸
       *
       * @return 一个汉字的矩阵
       */
      public Rect measureTextSize() {
        Rect mRect = new Rect();
        if (mTextPaint != null) {
          mTextPaint.getTextBounds("田", 0, 1, mRect);
        }
        return mRect;
      }
    
    
      /**
       * 设置导航栏滑动监听
       *
       * @param onNavigationScrollerListener
       */
      public void setOnNavigationScrollerListener(OnNavigationScrollerListener onNavigationScrollerListener) {
        this.mOnNavigationScrollerListener = onNavigationScrollerListener;
      }
    
      /**
       * 设置导航栏显示内容
       *
       * @param content 需要显示的内容
       */
      public void setNavigationContent(String content) {
        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(content)) {
          mNavigationContent = null;
          mNavigationContent = new String[content.length()];
          for (int i = 0; i < content.length(); i++) {
            mNavigationContent[i] = String.valueOf(content.charAt(i));
          }
        }
        //需要重新测量
        requestLayout();
      }
    
      public interface OnNavigationScrollerListener {
        //按下
        void onDown();
    
        //滑动
        void onScroll(String letter, int position);
    
        //离开
        void onUp();
    
      }
    }