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    Nginx负载均衡/SSL配置的实现

    栏目:Linux/apache问题 时间:2019-11-02 09:52

    什么是负载均衡?

    当一个域名指向多台web服务器时,添加一台nginx负载均衡服务器,通过nginx负载均衡即可将来自于客户端的请求均衡的发送给每台web服务器,避免单台服务器负载过高而其余服务器较为空闲的不均衡情况出现

    配置nginx负载均衡:

    在nginx机器上新建配置文件:

    [root@centos02 ~]# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/test.conf

    添加如下内容:

    upstream test
     {
      ip_hash; 
      server 192.168.0.10:80 weight=100; 
      server 192.168.0.20:80 weight=50;
     }
     server
     {
      listen 80;
      server_name www.test.com;
      location /
      {
       proxy_pass http://test;
       proxy_set_header Host $host;
       proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
       proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      }
     }
    upstream:负载均衡配置 test:自定义名,用于server{}中proxy_pass引用 ip_hash:将同一客户端的所有请求发送给同一服务器(如不发送给同一服务器,有可能出现客户端刚登陆网站,点击其他子页面又提示登陆) server:web服务器地址 weight:定义权重(范围0-100),负载均衡服务器优先将请求发送给权重大的web服务器(以上示例如果有150条请求进来,192.168.0.10会被分配100条,192.168.0.20会被分配50条) server_name:访问网站的域名 proxy_pass:引用upstream定义的名称

    验证nginx配置并重载:

    [root@centos02 ~]# nginx -t
    nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
    nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
    [root@centos02 ~]# nginx -s reload
    

    接下来修改客户端hosts文件将测试的域名www.test.com指向到测试的nginx负载均衡机器的IP即可访问www.test.com网站。

    负载均衡配置示例补充

    1.根据请求的文件配置:

    upstream aa {   
        server 192.168.0.10;
        server 192.168.0.20; 
      }
    upstream bb { 
        server 192.168.0.100;
        server 192.168.0.101;
     }
     server {
      listen  80;
      server_name www.test.com;
      location ~ aa.php
      {
       proxy_pass http://aa/;
       proxy_set_header Host $host;
       proxy_set_header X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
       proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      }
      location ~ bb.php
      {
        proxy_pass http://bb/;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      }
      location /
      {
        proxy_pass http://bb/;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      }
    }

    请求aa.php的,会到aa组,请求bb.php的会到bb组,其他请求全部到bb组,必须要有location / {} ,否则不能正确匹配url

    2.根据请求的目录配置:

    upstream aa {   
        server 192.168.0.10;
        server 192.168.0.20; 
      }
    upstream bb { 
        server 192.168.0.100;
        server 192.168.0.101;
     }
     server {
      listen  80;
      server_name www.test.com;
      location /dir1/
      {
       proxy_pass http://aa/dir1/;
       proxy_set_header Host $host;
       proxy_set_header X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
       proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      }
      location /dir2/
      {
        proxy_pass http://bb/dir2/;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      }
      location /
      {
        proxy_pass http://bb/;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      }
    }